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Latin (Botanical) name: Sonchus oleraceus L. = Sonchus ciliatus Lam. = Sonchus glaber Gilib. = Sonchus lacerus Willd.

Family: Compositae, Asteraceae.

Common name: Go’odeid, Goo’dei, Galawein, Galaaweel, Galaeel, Khass, Khaz, Howa el-genayin, Hawa, Howa, Howei, Khass klab, Khass wez, Shekhsheikh, Shikhschaakh.

Origin: Egypt

Plant description:

COMPOSITAE Giseke. All flowers ligulate, bisexual (if unisexual, see the preceding group) Liguliflorae.

Not so (Thistles with spiny-winged stem). Pappus of soft, white, simple hairs. Involucre imbricated (sometimes subequal in Taraxacum). Pappus sessile. Achenes all of the same kind, flattish.

SONCHUS L. Annual, biennial or perennial herbs. Heads with many bisexual yellow florets. Involucre imbricated. Achenes compressed, attenuated at both ends, 1-3 ribbed. Pappus of 2 types of hairs : solitary rough deciduous hairs and more persistent softer hairs in clusters.

Plant with ordinary tap-root, leaves lobed. Anchenes wingless, tubercled. Ligule about as long as corolla-tube, achenes gradually narrowed at base.

SONCHUS OLERACEUS L. : Glandular-hairy above. Leaves glabrous, pinnatisect, lyrate to runcinate. Achenes oblanceolate, rugose. (Ann., rarely Bi.) Weed.

Sonchus ciliatus Lam. = Sonchus glaber Gilib. = Sonchus lacerus Willd.

Source: STUDENTS’ FLORA OF EGYPT second edition, by VIVI TÄCKHOLM, D. Sc. (Stockholm) Professor of Systematic Botany, Faculty of Science, Cairo University. Published by Cairo University. Printed by COOPERATIVE PRINTING COMPANY Beirut, 1974.

Propagation: Fruits (seeds). Annual in Upper Egypt.

Annual herb growing as a weed in the cultivated land. It has a wide ecological amplitude. The plant has been recorded in almost all the phytgeographical regions of Egypt. The brownish gum left after the evaporation of the juice of this plant is said to be a powerful hydragogue and cathartic. It has also been used as a so-called cure for the opium habit. Recently, the plant has been found to contain an alkaloid.

Source: Wild Medical Plant in Egypt. An Inventory to support Conservation and Sustainable Use. BATANOUNY K. H.

Last Update November 30^th, 2002.

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