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Latin (Botanical) name: Fagonia mollis Del. (= Fagonia grandiflora Boiss.).

Family: Zygophyllaceae

Common name: Shawka, Shuweika, Abo-hereiba, Burkan, Janb, Gamd, Gamda, Gemda, Shibreeq, Shobrooq, Aqool el-ghazaal, Halwa, Helwa el-gamal, Haad, Shoakaan, Showeika.

Origin: Egypt

Plant description:

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE R. Br. Stipules transformed into spines FAGONIA L. Perennial or annual, pubescent to glabrous shrubs and herbs. Leaves compound tri-or unifoliolate ; stipules conspicuous, frequently transformed into spines. Flowers pink to rose, 5-fid, stamens 10 without appendages. Fruit a pyramidal, 5-carpelled capsule. Seeds flat, oblong with foveolate-punctate testa. All leaves trifoliolate, spines equal to or shorter than leaves. Petiole as long as or shorter than central leaflet. Plant sparingly hairy. Light-green plants of sandy deserts. Flowers 10-16 mm across, leaflets over 5 mm long. FAGONIA MOLLIS. Plant hairy, glandular. Hairs, if glandular, without adherent sand. Flowers large, at least 12 mm across. Leaflets flat, spines patent. FAGONIA MOLLIS v. densiglandulosa.

FAGONIA MOLLIS Del. (= F. grandiflora Boiss.) : Glabrous or sparingly hairy shrublet with prostrate or procumbent branches. Internodes long, 4-angled and sulcate. Spines patent, as long as the internodes. Leaves short-petioled. Flowers large. Over 15 mm across. Capsule 5 mm long and broad, slightly hairy, with deciduous calyx, peduncle as long as capsule. (Frut.).

v. densiglandulosa Hadidi: Similar to the type in habit but densely glandular, glands as those of FAGONIA tristis. (Frut.).

Source: STUDENTS’ FLORA OF EGYPT second edition, by VIVI TÄCKHOLM, D. Sc. (Stockholm) Professor of Systematic Botany, Faculty of Science, Cairo University. Published by Cairo University. Printed by COOPERATIVE PRINTING COMPANY Beirut, 1974.

Propagation: Fruits (seeds), annual herb or perennial shrub in Upper Egypt.

Similar species:

Fagonia arabica L.

Fagonia bruguieri DC.

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