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Latin (Botanical) name: Fagonia arabica L.

Family: Zygophyllaceae

Common name: Shawka, Shuweika, Abo-hereiba, Burkan, Janb, Gamd, Gamda, Gemda, Shibreeq, Shobrooq, Aqool el-ghazaal, Halwa, Helwa el-gamal, Haad, Shoakaan, Showeika.

Origin: Egypt

Plant description:

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE R. Br. Stipules transformed into spines FAGONIA L. Perennial or annual, pubescent to glabrous shrubs and herbs. Leaves compound tri-or unifoliolate ; stipules conspicuous, frequently transformed into spines. Flowers pink to rose, 5-fid, stamens 10 without appendages. Fruit a pyramidal, 5-carpelled capsule. Seeds flat, oblong with foveolate-punctate testa. Lower leaves tri-, upper unifoliolate, spines longer than leaves. Leaflets flat. Capsule over 4 mm. across, calyx deciduous. Flowers up to 15 mm. across, plant dark green. FAGONIA ARABICA L.: Erect, glandular-pubescent, densely spiny plant with terete, striate branches. Spines longer than leaves. Flowers up to 15 mm. across. Fruit-peduncle reflexed, shorter than capsule. Capsule 3-5 mm. long, 5-7 mm. broad, calyx deciduous. (Frut).

v. tilhoana (Maire) Maire: Internodes and spines longer than in type, less glandular. (Frut).

v. viscidissima Maire: Viscid, the whole plant covered with glands with adherent sand ; leaves succulent. (Frut).

v. imamii Hadidi: Internodes and spines more slender than in type, flowers smaller up to 12 mm. across, capsule smaller. Aspect of F. bruguieri but flowers larger and calyx deciduous. (Ann.).

Source: STUDENTS’ FLORA OF EGYPT second edition, by VIVI TÄCKHOLM, D. Sc. (Stockholm) Professor of Systematic Botany, Faculty of Science, Cairo University. Published by Cairo University. Printed by COOPERATIVE PRINTING COMPANY Beirut, 1974.

Propagation: Fruits (seeds), annual herb or perennial shrub in Upper Egypt.

Similar species:

Fagonia bruguieri DC.

Fagonia mollis Del.

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